Essay on Social Conflict Theories and Functionalism

Social Conflict Theories and Functionalism There are three main theories of sociology; functionalism, conflict theory and symbolic interactionism. This paper will focus on two of those theories, functionalism and conflict theory. The objective is to delineate the assumptions of two out of the three theoretical perspectives and apply these assumptions to an analysis of social stratification. How this will be accomplished will be by comparing and contrasting their assumptions and by analyzing the two theories affect on social stratification. Then I will state my opinion on which of the two better fits my personal sociological views. Functionalism is many peoples way to view the world sociologically. It states clearly that the†¦show more content†¦Whichever groups have the power is a central concern of this theory. These Marxist statements are the central arguments of all conflict theorists statements of truth. The second part of the conflict theorists assumptions is that the different parts of the social system as a wh ole are intertwined, not because of a shared value system, however, but because of the fact that one group is inherently dominant over the other. This dominance happens because one group, the dominant group, controls the resources. The third part of the assumptions of the conflict theorist is that society does not necessarily have needs, but individuals and groups do. Because the dominant group has the access to wealth, power and prestige, they have the ability to have their needs defined as system needs. The fourth part of the conflict theorists assumptions is the basic question of Who benefits? from the social arrangements of the day. On any issue in society, there are people who benefit and people who dont benefit. This conflict always gives the advantage to the stronger party. The fifth part of the conflict theorists system of assumptions is the conflict itself, which lends tension, hostility, competitions, disagreement over goals, and values, as well as violence. Not always are these issues negative, however. They can act as an adhesive to help join groups together in the pursuit of a positive goal. The sixth and final part of theShow MoreRelated Analyzing Social Change Through Functionalism, Conflict Theory, and Punctuated Equilibrium 1373 Words   |  6 PagesEinstein(58 Quotes). Social change is an opportunity for positive growth in today’s world, however it may sometimes take a tragedy to get there. Many big events in history such as The French Revolution and the Civil Rights Movement have caused social change, but our world is stronger because of those events. It takes leadership and a desire for growth to make a positive change in today’s society. Many philosophers have theorized social change through functionalism, conflict theory, and punctuated equilibriumRead MoreFunctionalism Vs. Conflict Theory1349 Words   |  6 PagesFunctionalism vs. Conflict Theory There are four known sociological theories and or theoretical perspective, and they are structural functionalism, conflict theory, symbolic interactionism, and feminism. These theories explain various aspects of social life through different perspective (OpenStax College 17). Some of the theories might view social life in a micro perspective, macro perspective or even both and each view might be completely opposing to each other, but it also has its pros and consRead MoreSociological Theories and Family Essay examples1662 Words   |  7 PagesSociological Theories and Family Sociological Theories and Family Sociological theories are important in understanding how the society operates. In addition, the theories help one understand how people in society relate with each other. The theories have helped understand various social issues in the society and made it easy to develop solutions to the problems. There are different theories that are used to explain how the society operates and how people interact with each other. Examples ofRead MoreStructural Functionalism1448 Words   |  6 PagesStructural functionalism, or simply functionalism, is a framework for building theory that sees society as a complex system whose parts work together to promote solidarity and stability.[1] This approach looks at society through a macro-level orientation, which is a broad focus on the social structures that shape society as a whole, and believes that society has evolved like organisms.[2] This approach looks at both social structure and social functions. Functionalism addresses society as a wholeRead M oreStructural Funcionalism, Conflict Theory, and Symbolic Interactionism1410 Words   |  6 Pagesschools of thought that, while they may seem to explain the inner workings of society, by themselves they fail to satisfy completely. For each theory, I will discuss the basics and cover the main tenants of each. Then, I will discuss the ambiguities, inadequacies and irrelevance to reality based on our current understanding of modern society. Structural Functionalism In the Functionalist School of Thought, society is viewed as being a complex structure of inter-related parts, analogous to a living beingRead MoreSociological Theories Essay1185 Words   |  5 PagesSociological theory creates ways to understand the social world by having different theories to explain understand social life. It aids to make sense of this social world. It draws together a wide range of perspectives to help provide the fullest picture. (Macionis Plummer p.36) It shows that one theory can explain something that another cannot. My aim is to answer this question with reference to both functionalism and conflict theory. This will be done by comparing and contrasting both theories inRead MoreCompare and Contrast of 3 Sociology Theories1162 Words   |  5 Pagesto provide an explanation as to why and how humans interact with each other on a social basis. Sociologists have divided sociology into two levels, microsociology and macrosociology (Sociology). The level of microsociology studies is on a smaller perspective, as macrosociology is the study of society on a larger analysis. Today, sociology has three major theories: symbolic interactionism, functionalism and conflict. â€Å"Symbolic interaction refers to the patterns of communication, interpretationRead MoreCritical Theory, Functionalism And Symbolic Interactionism Essay1351 Words   |  6 Pagesthree major theories; critical theory, functionalism and symbolic interactionism. These theories express the structure of society in which each theory looks at a different aspects of sociology. Sociologists apply these theories in the study of society, but it becomes difficult if only one theory is applied. For that one applied theory, would only look at the aspect to which it is confined to. To successfully study sociology all three theories must be applied together. Critical theory was foundedRead MoreTheories And Nature Of Human Behavior951 Words   |  4 Pageshuman behavior is by how people view society. There are three major theories that provide a lens to compare how and individual see their environment. â€Å"A theory is a set of ideas that attempts to explain the known facts of a subject in a way that makes sense† (Claerbaut, 2015). The three major theories are sociology are structural functionalism, conflict theory, and symbolic interactionism. Structure functionalism â€Å"is a macro-level theory that views a society as a complete unit, in much the same way oneRead MoreConflict Theory Vs. Structural Functionalism978 Words   |  4 PagesConflict Theory vs. Structural Functionalism, this is like a fight between conservative and liberal. Structural Functionalism is a sociological theory that focuses on the structures of society and their functional significance (positive and negative consequences) for other structures (Ritzer, 2013). In another word, Structural Functionalism focuses on hierarchy, high position in the society. The theory is based on the belief that a person who held a high position like doctor or lawyer should get

Strategy Implementation - 852 Words

Organizations successful at strategy implementation effectively manage six key supporting factors : 1. Action Planning 2. Organization Structure 3. Human Resources 4. The Annual Business Plan 5. Monitoring and Control 6. Linkage. | | | | Action PlanningFirst, organizations successful at implementing strategy develop detailed action plans... chronological lists of action steps (tactics) which add the necessary detail to their strategies. And assign responsibility to a specific individual for accomplishing each of those action steps. Also, they set a due date and estimate the resources required to accomplish each of their†¦show more content†¦First, consideration of human resources requires that management think about the organizations communication needs. That they articulate the strategies so that those charged with developing the corresponding action steps (tactics) fully understand the strategy theyre to implement.Second, managers successful at implementation are aware of the effects each new strategy will have on their human resource needs. They ask themselves the questions... How much change does this strategy call for? And, How quickly must we provide for that change? And, What are the human resource i mplications of our answers to those two questions? In answering these questions, theyll decide whether to allow time for employees to grow through experience, to introduce training, or to hire new employees.The Annual Business PlanOrganizations successful at implementation are aware of their need to fund their intended strategies. And they begin to think about that necessary financial commitment early in the planning process. First, they ballpark the financial requirements when they first develop their strategy. Later when developing their action plans, they firm up that commitment. As a client of ours explains, they dollarize their strategy. That way, they link their strategic plan to their annual business plan (and their budget). And they eliminate the surprises they might otherwise receive at budgeting time.Monitoring Show MoreRelatedStrategy Implementation Organization Strategy Evaluation1280 Words   |  6 Pagesï  ¶ Strategy Evaluation: Introduction Participants in strategi c evaluation Analysis of External Environment Organization Setting objective (Long Short Term) Strategy Formulation Strategy Implementation Organization Strategy Evaluation Strategy Evaluation: Strategy Evaluation can be defined as a process of determining the effectiveness of a given strategy. Therefore, the purpose of strategy evaluation is to evaluate the effectiveness of a strategy that the organization to achieveRead MoreImplementation Strategies in the Market-Driven Strategy2959 Words   |  12 PagesMARKETING IN THE 21ST CENTURY COMMENTARY Implementation Strategies in the Market-Driven Strategy Era David W. Cravens Texas Christian University The very insightful analysis of marketing strategy implementation by Piercy (1998 [this issue]) points to several key issues concerning the role of marketing in the 21st century. Perhaps most compelling is his assessment of the potential threats to the role of marketing in the organization and implementation in particular. He examines several importantRead MoreProper Strategy Implementation And Evaluation Of Dish Network1386 Words   |  6 PagesThis essay will react to the proper strategy implementation and evaluation that should be adopted by Dish Network. Dish is an American based corporation that provides broadcasting services to clients via television and the internet. A strategic management plan such as that possessed by Dish can be successfully implemented when a high focus is placed on measuring the level of performance and commitment in the implementation and evaluation phases. The strategic plan should be evaluated before, andRead MoreCentura Health Implementation Strategy Plan1502 Words   |  7 PagesCentura Health Implementation Strategy Centura Health is their region’s largest hospital system that is faith based and not-for-profit, located in Colorado and Western Kansas. This system includes 15 hospitals plus more affiliated hospitals, over 100 physician practices, senior living communities, Flight for Life, Centura Health at Home, and laboratory services (Centura, 2014). The power, size, and large scale of this system causes it to be a god system to analyze during states of change. CurrentlyRead MoreA Proposed Communication Strategy Throughout The Implementation Of The Marketing Activities Essay1638 Words   |  7 Pages6. A proposed communication strategy throughout the implementation of the marketing activities. Your communication strategy should ensure that all team members are kept informed of each other’sactivities. ï‚ § Draft an email, formal letter or other written response: since the involved stakeholders of this project are from both internal and external consultants and experts, emails, business letters and correspondences are the best and efficient way to convey and deliver the required business messagesRead MoreStrategic Marketing Management : Analysis Strategy, Implementation, And Control Of Marketing Activities1128 Words   |  5 Pagesanalysis strategy, implementation, and control of marketing activities in order to achieve organisation s objectives,† (Jack in the box, 2014). Through strategic planning, the company can break down their SMM into three main questions. What is the business doing now, what is happening in the environment, and what should the business be doing? (Hooley, G et al, 2012). A big part of addressing these three questions is planning, implementing and evaluating how effective different strategies are. StrategiesRead MoreStrategic Planning And Planning For An Multinational Corporate Boardrooms Discuss Planned Strategies, Organizational Actions, And Integrated Implementation Essay1944 Words   |  8 PagesMention strategic planning and people envision multinational corporate boardrooms discussing planned strategies, organizational actions, and integrated implementation schedules to spearhead billion-dollar endeavors across the globe. And on the whole, that mental depiction validates plenty of scenarios as part of a larger strategic planning process. Essentially, the plan represents one critical component of a comprehensive [strategic planning] process seeking to attain acknowledged goals throughRead MoreThe Strategy And Its Implementation1247 Words   |  5 Pages2.12 STRATEGY AND ITS IMPLEMENTATION 2.13 Introduction: The definition of the strategy and its determination The roots of the concept of strategy in war go back centuries, including Sun Tzu 500 BC and Karl von Clausewitz 18th century. From, which an historical body of literature was established in business sciences and business management, including and the concept of competitive advantage created by Michael Porter has strongly criticised this development firmly in his article (1996) by sayingRead MoreThe Implementation Of Organizational Strategies1001 Words   |  5 PagesMy action research question is, how will the implementation of organizational strategies impact student independence in a high school special education classroom? I was hoping that through the use of organizational strategies, that the students in a special education setting would gain independence, such as starting and finishing assignments independently, turning assignments in on time, and aware of upcoming assessments in order to better prepare them for life after high school. At the start ofRead MoreChallenges of S trategy Implementation1316 Words   |  6 PagesCHALLENGES OF STRATEGY IMPLEMENTATION Potential Challenges of Strategy Implementation Strategy implementation starts with a series of brainstorming sessions. According to a study by Michael Beer and Russell A. Eisenstat, published in the summer 2000 issue of Sloan Management Review, the six silent killers of strategy implementation are top-down or complacent upper management, unclear strategy and conflicting priorities, ineffective senior management team, poor vertical communication, poor

Marx’s Vision Free Essays

In Marx’s view, abstract knowledge will ultimately be the most important force of production. He claims that, due to â€Å"autonomy from production, abstract knowledge of the society is in the process of becoming nothing less than the main force of production and will eventually replace the repetitive labor force, that is, industrial labor and society based on the division of labor in its traditional form.† The outcome of transformation of production and of wealth is no longer the direct physical labor the workers perform, nor the time invested in carrying out those task, but rather the enhancement of the of two interrelated factors: the technological expertise (scientific labor), and the social combination. We will write a custom essay sample on Marx’s Vision or any similar topic only for you Order Now . What is critical here is the knowledge objectified in fixed capital and embodied in the automated system of machinery. Marx makes use of an evocative metaphor to refer to the set of knowledges that make up the focal-point of social production and determine all areas of life; he calls it the ‘general intellect.’ This concept is introduced in Grundrisse’s Fragment on Machine. In this work, Marx diverts his emphasis on the discourse of the role of work in delivering surpluses for the social enhancement. Rather, he stresses that the development of capital will depend on modern technologies and the society. Therefore, to improve productivity it will surely depend on the improvement of general powers of human brain, societal knowledge. Marx’s main argument for the general intellect is highly on the increasing importance of machinery in social setting: â€Å"Nature builds no machines, no locomotives, railways, electric telegraphs, self-acting mules etc. These are products of human industry: natural material transformed into organs of the human will over nature, or of human participation in nature. They are organs of the human brain, created by the human hand: the power of knowledge, objectified. The development of fixed capital indicates to what degree general social knowledge has become a direct force of production, and to what degree, hence, the conditions of the process of social life itself have come under the control of the general intellect and have been transformed in accordance with it.† The concept of general intellect by Marx, could refer to the general social knowledge or collective intelligence of a given society. The term focuses on the ensemble of abstract knowledge consisting the new center of social production and organizing its important dimensions of reasoning. It is on those abilities and tendencies which are needed in any act of production. General intellect and those general means characterizing it organize the production process directly but they also organize the process of life. Fixed capital (intelligent machines) can entail the term general intellect as well as human beings. Just as collective force is needed to accomplish various task of production, so as the collective intellectual power is invested directly in production process. According to Nick Dyer-Witheford, as information technologies and cybernetic machines have become the driver and means of production, general intellect has gone beyond level of direct force and becomes the primary force of social production. Marx outlines two forms of technology as he points out capitalism’s mobilization of general intellect. First, it is the development of the production process with the support of the â€Å"automatic system of machinery† that operates by itself â€Å"†¦consisting of numerous mechanical and intellectual organs, so that the workers themselves are cast merely as its conscious linkages.† The other is the network of transportation and communication that is connecting the world of business. The development of automated systems are eliminating human employment by the day hence a single machine could perform five times or more work than a human beings can execute in a shortest possible time. The advancement in labor means into machinery has denotes the level at with general intellect has successfully assemble and incorporated by business, and â€Å"†¦ accumulation of knowledge and of skill, of the general productive force of the social brain, is thus absorbed into capital, as opposed to labor, and hence appears as an attribute of capital, and more specifically of fixed capital.† Moreover, Marx argues that, it is not the working class rather it is the development of the capital itself that will bring about the collapse of capitalism. Marx’s analysis of general intellect is understood as the demon that existed in the very tool that capitalist considered their utopia. In short, the combination of scientific knowledge with social cooperation, by the capitalist, is a way of creating self-destruction mechanism. For a better explanation, an example could be drawn from a wooden house that is constructed over a tree; it will just be a matter of time before the tress grows to destroy the house with its branches. This work uses Marx’s concept of general intellect to drive us to the question of political economy in the context of the new post-Fordist production processes, that is, what creates value in communicative economy, and how? What are the sources and forces in the production of new value? And on what term should its distribution be organized? In post-Fordist, the expectation put forward by Marx came true but surprising with no revolutionary or even conflictual repercussions. In post-Fordist production the roles of knowledge cannot be reduced to machinery system or automation, but becomes rather articulated in linguistic cooperation and communication, in relationship with networks and aptitudes. The central focus in this new work is human resources and tacit knowledge, a modes of behavior and ways of thinking that cannot be separated from concrete interaction and given a simple object form. They begin to operate as productive machines without ever materializing into electronic devices. And it is this division between general intellect and fixed capital that constitute the basic of the conflict. Based on Raymond Williams’s work, one can argue that Marx’s concept of general intellect is highly applicable in today’s post-industrial, digital economy. The focus of Williams’s text â€Å"Means of communication as means of production† argues that communication is a form of work and for that, media and means of production are inseparable. Communication (media), which is the powerhouse of post-industrial era, is built on language. William addresses this issue by pointing out that â€Å"language and communication are forms of social production.† For example, people with different viewpoints put their ideas together and build sophisticated techniques that are used in agricultural to produce sufficient output for the need of man. In this process human physical labor are not exhausted rather human brains intertwine their ideas with the use of societal product (language), and build technological products that get work done in today’s world of business. Finally, â€Å"Marx considered nature as one possible object of work that occurs in agricultural work and mining. This implies that also fabricated nature can be the object of work. Agricultural and extractive work takes nature as the object, industrial work takes fabricated nature as the object, information work takes ideas and human subjectivity as the object.† Marx supported the latter in his work â€Å"Grundrisse’s â€Å"Fragment on Machines† â€Å"but have neglected the question if communication is work.† How to cite Marx’s Vision, Papers

The System of Employment Relations-Free-Samples-Myassignmenthelp

Question: Discuss about the Role of the State in the System of Employment Relations in France and Denmark. Answer: Introduction Every state finds it very important to be involved in the system of employment relations in the industrial sector. This ensures that both the employee and the employers have their basic rights protected by the state. The state protects the rights of both employer and employee through enacting legislations and taking up other measures that will ensure that employment relations between employers and employees are carried out accordingly. This paper seeks to do a comparison between the involvement of the state both in France and in Denmark in the system of employment relations. It will analyze the laws and regulations that have been put in place by the state to intervene in the system of employment relations in the respective countries. The paper will seek to identify the similarities in both France and Denmark in its involvement in the system of employment relations. It will also identify the areas where the countries have a divergence in their involvement in the system of employment in their respective countries. In this paper, the role of trade unions will be analysed and their level of efficiency in controlling employment regulations both in France and Denmark. An analysis will be made to evaluate the level of which the state involves itself in the ongoing of the trade unions. In addition, the paper will analyse employment contracts and identify the elements that make the different types of contracts valid and the measures which the state takes to ensure that contracts between employers and employees are honoured by both parties. Both in Denmark and in France, the states encouraged workers to form trade unions(Kahler, 2014 ). In France, for example, is the French Democratic Confederation of Labour which is a recognized trade union in France and is recognized as the largest of them all. In Denmark, on the other hand, is the Danish Confederation of Trade Unions which consists of 18 trade unions. The states ensures that they do not directly involve themselves in the works of the trade unions. The trade unions are charged with the responsibility of fighting for the rights of the workers. The trade unions ensures that workers are treated right and they are given their wages accordingly. Employees have no powers to stop workers from joining trade unions. Trade unions use methods such as demonstrations and strikes to ensure that employees give into the demands of the trade unions. It is important to note that the trade unions are indirectly governed by the state. This is through stipulating laws within which trade unions should operate. Therefore, although trade unions are powerful both in Denmark and France, they can not engage in illegal activities. Unfortunately, memberships in trade unions both in France and in Denmark are slowly deteriorating(Alarcn, 2014). This trend has been evident for many years. Some companies have come up with smart ways of evading the law in regard to trade unions. The law stipulates a minimum number of employees beyond which a company should enrol all the employees to a trade union. The affected companies evade this by ensuring that they regulate the number of people they employ so as not to be forced to enrol the members to a trade union (Toth, Maitah, Stefkova, 2014). Both in France and Denmark, the state has stipulated employment law. The employment law is meant to govern employers and employees as they relate in terms of employment. In France, for example, the state has stipulated legal regulations that are meant to govern the public sector in relation to employment. These legal regulations ensure that those employed in the public sector are protected from any kind of exploitation. In 2015, a new labour code (Loi Travail law) was suggested to ensure that there can be two types of contracts whereby one is contracted at a company level and the other is at a national level(Gilpin, 2016 ). From this suggestion, it can be derived that the state in France has been in a constant process of updating their law to ensure that they protect both employees and employers. In both countries, employment laws are applicable to all employees inclusive of those at the topmost executive levels. It has been noted that the personnel at the topmost executive levels ha ve power over those at the bottom-most levels. However, the state, through the law, has ensured that the employees benefit from the work relationships between employers and employees. Employers also form their own confederations to ensure that they are protected. In France, for example, is the General Confederation of small size and middle size enterprises of France. Employment contracts are commonly used both in Denmark and in France(Brewster, Guery, Stevenot, Wood, 2016). These employment contracts are divided into two. They can either be written contracts or implied contracts. It is important to note that, for permanent employments both employees and employers are advised to draft a written contract. This is very vital in case one would need to refer to the contract and analyze its terms. A written contract between an employer and employee are governed by the state through the law. According to the law both in France and Denmark, a written contract is not subject to any changes by the employer without the consent of the employee. The only exemption to this requirement is when the employer is making an adjustment in the contract so as to ensure that the contract totally secures the rights of the employees(Jacquemond Breau, 2015). It can be concluded that, both in Denmark and in France, contract law has been used by the state to intervene in the systems of employment relations. The state both in Denmark and in France has also enforced laws so as to ensure that foreign employees enjoy good employment relationships(Toth, Maitah, Stefkova, 2014). Though these foreign employees may not be subjected to following the entire labour code both in France and in Denmark, there are specific laws that the foreigner is subjected to. The foreigner in their work must ensure that they respect the basic human rights of employees. The foreign employees are protected by the law to ensure that their rights are not trampled upon. Therefore, it is conclusive that the governments both in France and in Denmark have stipulated laws to secure the rights and freedoms of foreign employees. By so doing these states are able to maintain good foreign relations with other countries. In France however, there are some changes that are yet to take place regarding labour laws since the coming of the new French President Macron. These laws are expected to create conducive business environments . The laws seek to adjust the damages that are paid to employees by regulating the maximum and minimum amount that ought to be paid. The Laws allowing trade unions to represent employees will remain untouched. The French state has taken up measures to stand against the likelihood of illegal employment of foreigners(Charles, 2014). Foreign employees are given visas with minimal periods. These periods can range between six months after which the employer can renew the contract. If the employment contract is not renewed the employee is not allowed to stay in that foreign country. The foreigner is said to be living illegally in a country if they continue to live there whereas their visa is expired(Bussi OReilly, 2016). These kinds of measures are taken so as to ensure that foreign employees are not subjected to harsh working conditions or treated unfairly by their employers in any way. These measures enables the state to keep a record of the foreign employees in their country and they are able to track them down in the case of anything. The state of France has also established a committee that is charged with the responsibility to ensure that it regulates the influx of foreigners into the country(Benigni, 2015). The committee is also charged with the responsibility to ensure that each foreigner has a valid employment contract so as to cut down on incidences of overworking foreign employees or underpaying them. The employment contract is said to be valid if it clearly stipulates the terms of employment. This is a measure to ensure that the foreign employee is well catered for. The Denmark state, just as the state of France, encourages her citizens who consist of the working class to join trade unions. Trade unions are very effective especially in the area of collective bargaining. Collective bargaining is a method used by trade unions to demand the rights of their members(Sahraoui, 2015). Trade unions, however, are gradually becoming very unpopular. This has been proven by the constant drop in the number of membership in trade unions today. The number of members is decreasing at an increasing rate. The state in Denmark is said to handoff in terms of employment relations. This is because the state does not directly involve itself in matters of employment relations. However, just like the state in France, the state enacts laws that are meant to guide employers and employees in their relations(Le Gallo L'Horty, 2017). These laws have helped trade unions to take great advantage of collective bargaining so as to safeguard the interests of the employees. The state has also enacted labour laws which are meant to guide employers and employees in their relations. Those who are found to have broken the law are answerable to it. The Denmark labour laws are adjustable. The state does not give specific minimum wages. The determination of wages is left to collective bargaining. Employers and employees are left to bargain on payments. Another reason why Denmark is said to handoff is that the state does not give specific working hours. Working hours are determined by collective bargaining. Th erefore the employer and employee are solely responsible for the decisions they make on working hours(Mohand-Said, 2017). On the other hand, in France, the state is very keen on working hours. The state has put up stipulations to ensure that no employee is underworked. In France, employment relations are governed by different levels. This does not take place in Denmark. Unlike Denmark, France operates in relation to levels(Malgouyres, 2017). Those at the topmost levels are said to be more superior and powerful as compared to those at lower levels. Thus it can be concluded that the state in France is more hands-on in its role in regulating employment relations. The state in Denmark has made no specifications about whether or not the nation is allowed to work on public holidays. This again is left in the hands of collective bargaining. However, in France, it is a requirement by the state that all employers have a contract of employment for their employees(Blundell Bozio, 2013). In this contract, the details of employment are well stipulated. In the contract, the working hours are clearly stated. The wage or salary of the employee is also stated in the contract. In addition, in the contract, the agreement on holidays and annual leave is also included. This shows that while Denmark is hands off on certain specifications, France has a way of ensuring that it plays its role directly in the system of employment in France. The role the state has played in the system of employment relations in Denmark has been very significant. This is because it has enabled the country to be the second country in Europe to have a very minimal gap between the rich and the poor(Ciganda, 2015). A country with a minimal gap between the rich and the poor is a very successful country because it shows that it is economically developed. A vast majority of people in Denmark are stuck to the middle class whether they are employed or not(Gindling Newhouse, 2014). This is because, even after an employee is laid off, the government supports them in many ways. First and foremost, the laid off employee is subject to monthly allowances by the government. In addition, this individual has access to free medical care and free education. The state supports the individual through a training program where they acquire skills that will enable them to acquire another job in a different field of work. In addition, the worker enjoys subsidized childcare and rent allowances. By so doing the state plays a major role in ensuring that everybody in the country is employed. After going through the training the state helps the individual to get a job(Espinoza Ruiz, 2014). While still jobless the state ensures that they help the individual to maintain a good level of standards of living. They enjoy subsidized prices for food products too. The French state, on the other hand, is not left out in directly catering for the welfare of the employed. This shows its direct involvement in the system of employment. When an individual gets employed, the state requires them to register with the French social security(Mucciarelli, 2017). Under this docket, an employed individual enjoys a lot of benefits. First and foremost, the employer is required to make monthly payments to an employee's social security fund. These monthly payments are usually a fraction of the employee's salary. Through this fund, an employed individual is able to access free healthcare. In addition, the employee can enjoy free maternity services and treatment as well as paid maternity leave. If an employee needs to take sick leave they enjoy paid sick leave and in case they pass away as a result of the sickness, the family of the employee is allowed to claim for pension as long as they have the right documentation to prove that they were descendants of the dec eased(Cahuc, Carcillo, Rinne, 2013). Nevertheless, the employee can enjoy the free medical treatment in case they are involved in an accident during the process of carrying out their responsibilities at work. In case of any serious injuries due to such an accident, the employee can claim compensation. Therefore, it can be concluded that the French state supports employees and employers strongly. It plays a major role in ensuring that the system of employment relations in France run smoothly with both the employees and employers enjoying the work they do. Conclusion In conclusion, therefore, from the above information, it can be said that there are no major disparities in the duties of states in regard to the system of employment both in France and Denmark. Though some of the measures taken to be involved in the system of employment relations by the state may differ, at the end they both achieve the same goal(Body, Bonnal, Giret, 2014). It is noted that the main aim both in Denmark and in France of state involvement in the system of employment relations is to ensure that both the needs of the employers and the employees are well catered for. Through establishing laws to govern employees and employers both the state of France and that of Denmark seek to ensure that no illegalities take place in the name of employment. Both states have also taken up measures to regulate the influx of foreign workers into their country so as to be able to keep tabs with the well being of the foreign workers. Both Denmark and France have an elaborate social securit y welfare system that is geared towards the protection of the welfare both of the employer and the employee(Bergeaud, Cette, Lecat, 2015). Through these social security welfare systems, both the employer and the employees benefit largely. The employees can receive free medical checkups and treatment. They also get compensated in case of accidents. This alleviates the burden on the employer to cater directly for all the needs of the employees. In the case of death, the employer does not bear the burden of compensating the dependants of the deceased. On the contrary, the social security welfare caters for the compensation expenses. Both in Denmark and France, the state has dedicatedly encouraged workers to join trade unions(Chaumet-Riffaud, 2017). Though in France there are specific requirements on wage payment, both states encourage collective bargaining between the employers and employees on how their relations shall be throughout the duration of employment. References Alarcn, A. (2014). Introduction. In French and US Approaches to Foreign Policy. Chicago: Palgrave Macmillan. Benigni, R. (2015). Affaire Baby Loup and lacit in private employment. The France between fundamentalist temptations and protection of religious freedom. Quaderni di diritto e politica ecclesiastica. Bergeaud, A., Cette, G., Lecat, R. (2015). Gross domestic product per capita in France and in advanced economies: the role of productivity and employment. Rue de la Banque. Blundell, R., Bozio, A. (2013). Extensive and intensive margins of labor supply: work and working hours in the US, the UK and France. Fiscal Studies. Body, K., Bonnal, L., Giret, J. (2014). Does student employment really impact academic achievement? The case of France. Applied Economics. 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